行業(yè)資訊
裝載機(jī)油壓力過低的11個(gè)原因
來(lái)源：http://shyy66.com/ 日期：2022-07-15
裝載機(jī)在工作過程中，如果機(jī)油的壓力低于0.2MPa(或隨發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速變化而忽高忽低)，應(yīng)立即停機(jī)查找原因，待排除故障后方可繼續(xù)工作，否則會(huì)釀成燒瓦、拉缸等重大機(jī)械事故。現(xiàn)將機(jī)油壓力過低的主要原因介紹如下。
During the operation of the loader, if the oil pressure is lower than 0.2MPa (or rises and falls with the change of engine speed), stop the machine immediately to find out the cause, and continue to work after troubleshooting, otherwise major mechanical accidents such as Bush burning and cylinder pulling will occur. The main reasons for low oil pressure are introduced as follows.
(1)機(jī)油油量不足
(1) Insufficient oil
若機(jī)油油量不足，會(huì)使機(jī)油泵的泵油量減少，導(dǎo)致機(jī)油壓力下降，加劇曲軸與軸承、缸套與活塞的磨損。
If the oil quantity is insufficient, the oil quantity of the oil pump will be reduced, resulting in the decrease of the oil pressure, which will aggravate the wear of the crankshaft and bearings, cylinder liners and pistons.
(2)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度過高
(2) Engine temperature too high
若發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度過高，不但加速機(jī)油老化、變質(zhì)，也容易使機(jī)油變稀，導(dǎo)致油壓下降。
If the engine temperature is too high, it will not only accelerate the aging and deterioration of the oil, but also easily dilute the oil, resulting in a drop in oil pressure.
(3)機(jī)油泵停轉(zhuǎn)或泵油量不足
(3) The oil pump stops running or the pump oil volume is insufficient
機(jī)油泵的驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪與驅(qū)動(dòng)軸的固定銷斷裂或配合鍵脫落，以及機(jī)油泵吸入異物而將泵油齒輪卡住，都會(huì)使機(jī)油泵停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，機(jī)油壓力也隨之降為0。當(dāng)機(jī)油泵泵軸與襯套之間的間隙、齒輪端面與泵蓋的間隙、齒側(cè)間隙或徑向間隙因磨損而超過允許值時(shí)，都會(huì)導(dǎo)致泵油量減少，造成機(jī)油壓力下降的后果。
The fracture of the fixed pin between the drive gear of the oil pump and the drive shaft or the falling off of the matching key, as well as the seizure of the pump gear due to the suction of foreign matters by the oil pump, will stop the operation of the oil pump and reduce the oil pressure to 0. When the clearance between the oil pump shaft and bushing, the clearance between the gear end face and the pump cover, the tooth side clearance or radial clearance exceeds the allowable value due to wear, it will lead to the reduction of pump oil volume and the result of oil pressure drop.
(4)曲軸與連桿軸承配合間隙過大
(4) The fit clearance between crankshaft and connecting rod bearing is too large
發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)長(zhǎng)期使用后，曲軸與連桿軸承的配合間隙會(huì)逐漸增大，機(jī)油壓力也隨著下降。
After long-term use of the engine, the fit clearance between the crankshaft and connecting rod bearings will gradually increase, and the oil pressure will also decrease.
(5)機(jī)油濾油器堵塞
(5) Blocked oil filter
當(dāng)機(jī)油因?yàn)V油器堵塞而不能流通時(shí)，設(shè)在濾油器底座上的安全閥就被頂開，機(jī)油便不經(jīng)過濾而直接進(jìn)入主油道。如果安全閥的開啟壓力調(diào)得過高，濾油器被堵塞時(shí)，安全閥就不能及時(shí)打開，于是機(jī)油泵壓力升高，內(nèi)漏增加，主油道供油量減少，引起油壓下降。
When the oil cannot flow due to the blockage of the oil filter, the safety valve on the base of the oil filter is pushed open, and the oil will enter the main oil passage directly without filtration. If the opening pressure of the safety valve is adjusted too high, the safety valve cannot be opened in time when the oil filter is blocked, so the pressure of the oil pump increases, the internal leakage increases, and the oil supply of the main oil passage decreases, causing the oil pressure to drop.
(6)回油閥損壞或失靈
(6) The oil return valve is damaged or out of order
若回油閥彈簧疲勞軟化或調(diào)整不當(dāng)，閥座與的配合面磨損或被臟物卡住而關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)時(shí)，回油量便明顯增加，主油道的油壓也會(huì)隨之下降。
If the spring of the oil return valve is fatigued and softened or improperly adjusted, and the mating surface of the valve seat and is worn or stuck by dirt and cannot be closed tightly, the oil return volume will increase significantly, and the oil pressure of the main oil passage will also decrease.
(7)機(jī)油散熱器或管路漏油
(7) Oil leakage from oil radiator or pipeline
機(jī)油散熱器及管路漏油，會(huì)使油壓下降。管路若被臟物堵塞，也會(huì)因阻力增大而使油的流量減少、油壓下降。
The oil radiator and pipeline leak oil, which will reduce the oil pressure. If the pipeline is blocked by dirt, the oil flow will decrease and the oil pressure will decrease due to the increase of resistance.
(8)油壓傳感器失靈或油管堵塞
(8) Oil pressure sensor failure or oil pipe blockage
若油壓傳感器失靈，或由主油道至油壓傳感器的油管因污垢積聚而流通不暢時(shí)，油壓表將顯示機(jī)油壓力下降。
If the oil pressure sensor fails, or the oil pipe from the main oil passage to the oil pressure sensor is blocked due to dirt accumulation, the oil pressure gauge will show that the oil pressure drops.
(9)吸油盤堵塞
(9) Oil suction cup blocked
機(jī)油若過臟、過黏，就容易堵塞吸油盤。當(dāng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)小油門低速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，機(jī)油泵吸油量不大，主油道尚能建立起一定的壓力，油壓會(huì)正常;但當(dāng)加大油門高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，機(jī)油泵的吸油量會(huì)因吸盤阻力過大而明顯減少，進(jìn)而造成機(jī)油壓力表的顯示值下降。
If the oil is too dirty and sticky, it is easy to block the oil suction pan. When the engine runs at a low speed with a small throttle, the oil pump does not absorb much oil, and a certain pressure can be established in the main oil passage, and the oil pressure will be normal; However, when the throttle is increased and the engine operates at a high speed, the oil suction capacity of the oil pump will be significantly reduced due to excessive suction cup resistance, resulting in a decrease in the displayed value of the oil pressure gauge.
(10)機(jī)油牌號(hào)不對(duì)或質(zhì)量不合格
(10) Wrong brand or unqualified quality of engine oil
不同型號(hào)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)須添加不同的機(jī)油，同種機(jī)型在不同的季節(jié)也應(yīng)采用不同牌號(hào)的機(jī)油。如果機(jī)油牌號(hào)不對(duì)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)會(huì)因機(jī)油黏度太低而加大泄漏量，從而使油壓降低。
Different types of engine oil must be added, and the same type of engine oil should also use different brands in different seasons. If the oil grade is wrong, the leakage will be increased due to the low viscosity of the oil when the engine is running, thus reducing the oil pressure.
(11)調(diào)壓閥設(shè)定壓力偏低
(11) The set pressure of pressure regulating valve is low
濟(jì)南裝載機(jī)租賃廠家認(rèn)為如果調(diào)壓閥設(shè)定油壓低，機(jī)油就不能有效地輸送到各潤(rùn)滑部位，從而發(fā)生機(jī)械故障。如果油壓過高，就會(huì)增加油耗，給機(jī)油泵和潤(rùn)滑部位增加負(fù)荷，損壞油路密封件并引發(fā)機(jī)油泄漏。
Jinan loader rental manufacturer believes that if the pressure regulating valve is set with low oil pressure, the oil can not be effectively delivered to all lubricating parts, resulting in mechanical failure. If the oil pressure is too high, it will increase the fuel consumption, increase the load on the oil pump and lubricating parts, damage the oil circuit seals and cause oil leakage.
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